Finance
List of Central Banks
A central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages a state’s currency, money supply, and interest rates. Central banks also usually oversee the commercial banking system of their respective countries. In contrast to a commercial bank, a central bank possesses a monopoly on increasing the monetary base in the state, and usually also prints the national currency,[1] which usually serves as the state’s legal tender. Central banks also act as a “lender of last resort” to the banking sector during times of financial crisis. Most central banks usually also have supervisory and regulatory powers to ensure the solvency of member institutions, prevent bank runs, and prevent reckless or fraudulent behavior by member banks.
List of Central Banks Around the World
| Countries | Central Banks |
| Afghanistan | Central Bank of Afghanistan (Da Afghanistan Bank) |
| Albania | Bank of Albania (Banka e Shqipërisë) |
| Algeria | Bank of Algeria (بنك الجزائر) |
| Angola | Central Bank of Angola (Banco Nacional de Angola) |
| Argentina | Central Bank of Argentina (Banco Central de la República Argentina) |
| Armenia | Central Bank of the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Կենտրոնական Բանկ, Hayastani Kentronakan Bank) |
| Aruba | Central Bank of Aruba (Centrale Bank van Aruba)[1] |
| Australia | Reserve Bank of Australia |
| Azerbaijan | Central Bank of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Mərkəzi Bankı) |
| Bahamas | Central Bank of The Bahamas |
| Bahrain | Central Bank of Bahrain (مصرف البحرين المركزي) |
| Bangladesh | Bangladesh Bank (বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক) |
| Barbados | Central Bank of Barbados |
| Belarus | National Bank of the Republic of Belarus (Нацыянальны банк Рэспублікі Беларусь) |
| Belize | Central Bank of Belize |
| Bermuda | Bermuda Monetary Authority |
| Bhutan | Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan |
| Bolivia | Central Bank of Bolivia (Banco Central de Bolivia) |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Centralna Banka Bosne i Hercegovine) |
| Botswana | Bank of Botswana |
| Brazil | Central Bank of Brazil (Banco Central do Brasil) |
| Brunei | Monetary Authority of Brunei Darussalam (Autoriti Monetari Brunei Darussalam) |
| Bulgaria | Bulgarian National Bank (Българска народна банка) |
| Burundi | Bank of the Republic of Burundi (Banque de la République du Burundi / Ibanki ya Republika Y’UBurundi) |
| Cambodia | National Bank of Cambodia (ធនាគារជាតិ នៃ កម្ពុជា) |
| Canada | Bank of Canada (Banque du Canada) |
| Cape Verde | Bank of Cape Verde (Banco de Cabo Verde) |
| Cayman Islands | Cayman Islands Monetary Authority |
| French Polynesia | Overseas Issuing Institute (Institut d’émission d’Outre-Mer) |
| New Caledonia | Overseas Issuing Institute (Institut d’émission d’Outre-Mer) |
| Wallis and Futuna | Overseas Issuing Institute (Institut d’émission d’Outre-Mer) |
| Chile | Central Bank of Chile (Banco Central de Chile) |
| China | People’s Bank of China (中国人民銀行) |
| Colombia | Bank of the Republic (Banco de la República) |
| Comoros | Central Bank of the Comoros (Banque Centrale des Comores) |
| Congo, Democratic Republic of | Central Bank of the Congo (Banque Centrale du Congo) |
| Costa Rica | Central Bank of Costa Rica (Banco Central de Costa Rica) |
| Cuba | Central Bank of Cuba (Banco Central de Cuba) |
| Curaçao | Central Bank of Curaçao and Sint Maarten (Centrale bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten) |
| Djibouti | Central Bank of Djibouti (Banque Centrale de Djibouti) |
| Dominican Republic | Central Bank of the Dominican Republic (Banco Central de la República Dominicana) |
| East Timor | Central Bank of East Timor (Banco Central de Timor-Leste / Banku Sentrál Timor-Leste) |
| Cameroon | Bank of Central African States (Banque des États de l’Afrique Centrale, BEAC) |
| Central African Republic | Bank of Central African States (Banque des États de l’Afrique Centrale, BEAC) |
| Chad | Bank of Central African States (Banque des États de l’Afrique Centrale, BEAC) |
| Congo, Republic of | Bank of Central African States (Banque des États de l’Afrique Centrale, BEAC) |
| Equatorial Guinea | Bank of Central African States (Banque des États de l’Afrique Centrale, BEAC) |
| Gabon | Bank of Central African States (Banque des États de l’Afrique Centrale, BEAC) |
| Ecuador | Central Bank of Ecuador (Banco Central del Ecuador)[3] |
| Egypt | Central Bank of Egypt (البنك المركزي المصري) |
| El Salvador | Central Reserve Bank of El Salvador (Banco Central de Reserva de El Salvador)[3] |
| Eritrea | Bank of Eritrea |
| Ethiopia | National Bank of Ethiopia (የኢትዮጵያ ብሔራዊ ባንክ) |
| Austria | Oesterreichische Nationalbank |
| Belgium | National Bank of Belgium (Nationale Bank van België / Banque nationale de Belgique/Belgische Nationalbank ) |
| Cyprus | Central Bank of Cyprus (Κεντρική Τράπεζα της Κύπρου / Kıbrıs Merkez Bankası) |
| Estonia | Bank of Estonia (Eesti Pank) |
| Finland | Bank of Finland (Suomen Pankki/Finlands Bank) |
| France | Bank of France (Banque de France) |
| Germany | Deutsche Bundesbank |
| Greece | Bank of Greece (Τράπεζα της Ελλάδος) |
| Ireland | Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland (Banc Ceannais agus Údarás Seirbhísí Airgeadais na hÉireann) |
| Italy | Bank of Italy (Banca d’Italia) |
| Latvia | Bank of Latvia (Latvijas Banka) |
| Lithuania | Bank of Lithuania (Lietuvos Bankas) |
| Luxembourg | Central Bank of Luxembourg (Banque centrale du Luxembourg) |
| Malta | Central Bank of Malta (Bank Ċentrali ta’ Malta) |
| Netherlands | De Nederlandsche Bank |
| Portugal | Bank of Portugal (Banco de Portugal) |
| Slovakia | National Bank of Slovakia (Národná banka Slovenska) |
| Slovenia | Bank of Slovenia (Banka Slovenije) |
| Spain | Bank of Spain (Banco de España) |
| Bulgaria | Bulgarian National Bank (Българска народна банка) |
| Croatia | Croatian National Bank (Hrvatska narodna banka) |
| Czech Republic | Czech National Bank (Česká národní banka) |
| Denmark | Danmarks Nationalbank |
| Hungary | Hungarian National Bank (Magyar Nemzeti Bank) |
| Poland | National Bank of Poland (Narodowy Bank Polski) |
| Romania | National Bank of Romania (Banca Națională a României) |
| Sweden | Sveriges Riksbank[6] |
| United Kingdom | Bank of England |
| Fiji | Reserve Bank of Fiji |
| Gambia | Central Bank of The Gambia |
| Georgia | National Bank of Georgia (საქართველოს ეროვნული ბანკი) |
| Ghana | Bank of Ghana |
| Guatemala | Bank of Guatemala (Banco de Guatemala) |
| Guinea | Central Bank of the Republic of Guinea (Banque Centrale de la République de Guinée) |
| Guyana | Bank of Guyana |
| Haiti | Bank of the Republic of Haiti (Banque de la République d’Haïti) |
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong Monetary Authority (香港金融管理局)[7] |
| Honduras | Central Bank of Honduras (Banco Central de Honduras) |
| Holy See | Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See[8][9] |
| Iceland | Central Bank of Iceland (Seðlabanki Íslands) |
| India | Reserve Bank of India (भारतीय रिज़र्व बैंक) |
| Indonesia | Bank of Indonesia (Bank Indonesia) |
| Iran | Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran (بانک مرکزی ایران) |
| Iraq | Central Bank of Iraq (البنك المركزي العراقي ) |
| Israel | Bank of Israel (בנק ישראל) |
| Jamaica | Bank of Jamaica |
| Japan | Bank of Japan (日本銀行) |
| Jordan | Central Bank of Jordan (البنك المركزي الاردني) |
| Kazakhstan | National Bank of Kazakhstan (Қазақстан Ұлттық Банкі) |
| Kenya | Central Bank of Kenya (Benki Kuu ya Kenya) |
| Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of | Central Bank of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (조선민주주의인민공화국중앙은행) |
| Korea, Republic of | Bank of Korea (한국은행) |
| Kuwait | Central Bank of Kuwait (بنك الكويت المركزي) |
| Kyrgyzstan | National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic (Кыргыз Республикасынын Улуттук Банкы) |
| Laos | Bank of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (ທະນາຄານ ແຫ່ງ ສ. ປ. ປ. ລາວ) |
| Latvia | see: European Union |
| Lebanon | Banque du Liban (مصرف لبنان) |
| Lesotho | Central Bank of Lesotho (Banka e Kholo ea Lesotho) |
| Liberia | Central Bank of Liberia |
| Libya | Central Bank of Libya (مصرف ليبيا المركزي) |
| Liechtenstein | National bank of Liechtenstein (Liechtensteinische Landesbank) |
| Macau | Monetary Authority of Macao (澳門金融管理局)[7] |
| Macedonia, Republic of | National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia (Народна банка на Република Македонија) |
| Madagascar | Central Bank of Madagascar (Banque Centrale de Madagascar / Banky Foiben’i Madagasikara) |
| Malawi | Reserve Bank of Malawi |
| Malaysia | Central Bank of Malaysia (Bank Negara Malaysia) |
| Maldives | Maldives Monetary Authority |
| Mauritania | Central Bank of Mauritania (Banque Centrale de Mauritanie) |
| Mauritius | Bank of Mauritius |
| Mexico | Bank of Mexico (Banco de México) |
| Moldova | National Bank of Moldova (Banca Naţională a Moldovei) |
| Mongolia | Bank of Mongolia (Монгол банк Дэлгэрсайхан) |
| Montenegro | Central Bank of Montenegro (Centralna Banka Crne Gore) |
| Morocco | Bank Al-Maghrib (بنك المغرب) |
| Mozambique | Bank of Mozambique (Banco de Moçambique) |
| Myanmar | Central Bank of Myanmar |
| Namibia | Bank of Namibia |
| Nepal | Nepal Rastra Bank (नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंक) |
| Netherlands Antilles | Bank of the Netherlands Antilles (Bank van de Nederlandse Antillen)[1](See Dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles) |
| New Zealand | Reserve Bank of New Zealand (Te Pūtea Matua) |
| Nicaragua | Central Bank of Nicaragua (Banco Central de Nicaragua) |
| Nigeria | Central Bank of Nigeria |
| Norway | Norges Bank |
| Oman | Central Bank of Oman (البنك المركزي العماني) |
| Anguilla | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank |
| Dominica | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank |
| Grenada | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank |
| Montserrat | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank |
| Saint Lucia | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Eastern Caribbean Central Bank |
| Pakistan | State Bank of Pakistan (بینک دولت پاکستان) |
| Palestine | Palestine Monetary Authority (سلطة النقد الفلسطينية) |
| Panama | National Bank of Panama (Banco Nacional de Panamá) Although, Panama does not have any official Central Bank. |
| Papua New Guinea | Bank of Papua New Guinea |
| Paraguay | Central Bank of Paraguay (Banco Central del Paraguay) |
| Peru | Central Reserve Bank of Peru (Banco Central de Reserva del Perú) |
| Philippines | Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (although translated as “Central Bank of the Philippines”, the translation was the name of the old central bank that was rechartered in 1993 and became the Bangko Sentral.) |
| Qatar | Qatar Central Bank (مصرف قطر المركزي) |
| Russia | Bank of Russia (Центральный банк Российской Федерации) |
| Rwanda | National Bank of Rwanda (Banque Nationale du Rwanda / Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda) |
| Samoa | Central Bank of Samoa (Faletupe Tutotonu o Samoa) |
| San Marino | Central Bank of the Republic of San Marino (Banca Centrale della Repubblica di San Marino) |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | Central Bank of São Tomé and Príncipe (Banco Central de São Tomé e Príncipe) |
| Saudi Arabia | Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority (مؤسسة النقد العربي السعودي) |
| Serbia | National Bank of Serbia (Народна банка Србије / Narodna banka Srbije) |
| Seychelles | Central Bank of Seychelles |
| Sierra Leone | Bank of Sierra Leone |
| Singapore | Monetary Authority of Singapore |
| Sint Maarten | Central Bank of Curaçao and Sint Maarten (Centrale bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten) |
| Solomon Islands | Central Bank of Solomon Islands |
| Somalia | Central Bank of Somalia (Bankiga Dhexe ee Soomaaliya) |
| South Africa | South African Reserve Bank |
| South Sudan | Bank of South Sudan |
| Sri Lanka | Central Bank of Sri Lanka (ශ්රී ලංකා මහ බැංකුව / இலங்கை மத்திய வங்கி) |
| Sudan | Bank of Sudan (بنك السودان المركزي) |
| Suriname | Central Bank of Suriname (Centrale Bank van Suriname) |
| Swaziland | Central Bank of Swaziland (Umntsholi Wemaswati) |
| Switzerland | Swiss National Bank (Schweizerische Nationalbank / Banque Nationale Suisse / Banca Nazionale Svizzera / Banca Naziunala Svizra) |
| Syria | Central Bank of Syria (مصرف سورية المركزي) |
| Taiwan | Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) (中華民國中央銀行) |
| Tajikistan | National Bank of Tajikistan (Бонки миллии Тоҷикистон) |
| Tanzania | Bank of Tanzania (Benki Kuu ya Tanzania) |
| Thailand | Bank of Thailand (ธนาคารแห่งประเทศไทย) |
| Timor-Leste | Banco Central de Timor-Leste (Banco Central de Timor-Leste) |
| Tonga | National Reserve Bank of Tonga |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago |
| Tunisia | Central Bank of Tunisia (البنك المركزي التونسي / Banque Centrale de Tunisie) |
| Turkey | Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası) |
| Turkmenistan | Central Bank of Turkmenistan (Türkmenistanyň Merkezi Banky) |
| Uganda | Bank of Uganda (Benki Kuu ya Uganda) |
| Ukraine | National Bank of Ukraine (Національний банк України) |
| United Arab Emirates | Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates (مصرف الإمارات العربية المتحدة المركزي) |
| United States | Federal Reserve System |
| Uruguay | Central Bank of Uruguay (Banco Central del Uruguay) |
| Uzbekistan | Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan (O’zbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy Banki / Ўзбекистон Республикаси Марказий Банки) |
| Vanuatu | Reserve Bank of Vanuatu (Reserve Bank blong Vanuatu) |
| Venezuela | Central Bank of Venezuela (Banco Central de Venezuela) |
| Vietnam | State Bank of Vietnam (Ngân hàng nhà nước Việt Nam) |
| Benin | Central Bank of West African States (Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, BCEAO) |
| Burkina Faso | Central Bank of West African States (Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, BCEAO) |
| Cote d’Ivoire | Central Bank of West African States (Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, BCEAO) |
| Guinea-Bissau | Central Bank of West African States (Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, BCEAO) |
| Mali | Central Bank of West African States (Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, BCEAO) |
| Niger | Central Bank of West African States (Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, BCEAO) |
| Senegal | Central Bank of West African States (Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, BCEAO) |
| Togo | Central Bank of West African States (Banque Centrale des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, BCEAO) |
| Yemen | Central Bank of Yemen (البنك المركزي اليمني) |
| Zambia | Bank of Zambia |
| Zimbabwe | Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe |
| Abkhazia | National Bank of the Republic of Abkhazia (Аҧсны Аҳәынҭқарра Амилаҭтә Банк) |
| Artsakh | Artsakhbank (The State Bank) |
| Kosovo, Republic of | Central Bank of Kosovo (Banka Qendrore e Kosovës) |
| Northern Cyprus | Central Bank of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası) |
| Somaliland | Bank of Somaliland (Baanka Somaliland) |
| Transnistria | Transnistrian Republican Bank (Приднестровский Республиканский Банк) |
| Countries without Central Banks | |
| Andorra, but the Andorran National Institute of Finance is meeting the tasks of a central bank. | |
| Monaco | |
| Nauru | |
| Kiribati | |
| Tuvalu | |
| Palau | |
| Marshall Islands | |
| Federated States of Micronesia |
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